Icing is a great product! It gives more value to your product for a relatively low price in ingredients. Icing makes many products more attractive to consumers. It gives a product a more impulse reaction to buy.

Icings exist in many different forms, not only in name but also in application.

The difference between Icing – Fondant - Roll fondants.

All these products are sugar based (paste), have an excellent fine structure, are really sweet and dry on the application so that it keeps its form much better.

Different names for Icing are:

• Glace icing = Icing sugar + water.
• Royal Icing = Icing sugar + egg white.
• Fondant = Icing sugar + glucose syrup.
• Frosting = Icing sugar + fat = softer structure.
• Butter (fat)cream = Icing sugar + butter or fat + milk powder.
• Rolling fondant (Sugar paste) = Icing sugar + fat + glucose syrup (marshmallow fondant)

Applications for the Icing are focused on the decoration of a product. You can divide this group of products into several applications:

• Writing of words of figures, decoration lines.
• Covering of unbaked products.
• Dipping of baked products.
• Drizzling the top of a product.
• Draping it over a cake after rolling out the Icing.
• Filling between two or more layers.
• Formed into flowers and figures.
• The ‘taste maker’ in your final application.

Ingredients:

• Icing sugar – base and taste maker. The quality of the powder sugar defines (more or less) the shine/gloss of the final product.
• Egg white – to enable faster drying and bake stability. At the same time, fresh egg white gives some elasticity to the icing.
• Citric acid  – more stability of viscosity of the paste.

If the quantity of the acid is too high you will see a negative reaction, after several hours the viscosity of the paste is less as the acid breaks the structure of the sugar.

• Fat types – flexibility, kneading and stability of the decoration.

Use only non-lauric fats. These are much more stable in water combinations.

It is important that you also use the non-lauric fats in the base of the cookies, so that you don’t have interaction between the different types of fat.

• Water – to get a more flowing character to increase the flow of the icing.
• Glucose syrup types – for flexibility and a chewy character.

Glucose can be replaced by sorbitol or glycerine. Depending on the desired sweetness and shelf life.

• Starch – bake stability. The best option is to use a native quality of wheat or corn.
• Thickeners – Can helps with the flexibility & elasticity of the end product.  Thickeners can also help give tolerance in production.

There are many options, important is that you limit the range of ingredients as much as possible. E-numbers are not popular and a lot of E-numbers are working against each other instead of with each other. Try always to keep them out.

Recipes: 

Glace Icing:
Icing sugar                                500 g
Water                                        ±50 g
Mix the ingredients into a smooth paste.
Glace icing is ready to use for decoration after baking.

Royal Icing:
Icing sugar                                 500 g
Corn starch                                  25 g
Egg white                                    50 g
Citric Acid                                     1  g

Mix the ingredients into a smooth paste
This Royal Icing is excellent for decoration before baking.
Take care when you bake the cookies! Don’t use top heat in the oven.

Fondant:
Sugar                                       750 g
Syrup (Powder)                         150 g
Water                                          99 g
Citric acid                                     1 g

Mix all ingredients into a smooth batter, cook it till you reach a temperature of 115°C and cool it down in a control process till 60°C. The Fondant is ready to use.
Use Fondant only in combination with products that contain the same water activity.
If the water activity of the cookies is too low then the Fondant is like a stone (dries out), if the water activity is too high, the fondant will never dry.

Frosting:
Fat                                           200 g
Icing sugar                                200 g
Water                                        200 g
Cold setting custard powder        80 g 

Bring all ingredients on ambient temperature.
Mix custard powder with water, add to the fat sugar solution and whip.
This product is excellent for decoration on cupcakes with a long shelf life.

Buttercream:
Butter                                       500 g
Water                                        500 g
Icing sugar                                200 g
Cold setting custard powder      200 g

Bring all ingredients to an ambient temperature.
Mix custard powder, sugar, and water, add this to the butter solution and whip until a density of 0,500/L.
The above recipe gives a taste of full cream, which can be used as a decoration on many types of (Sponge) cakes.
In the refrigerator, it has a shelf life of 5 till 7 days.

Rolling fondant / sugar paste / Marshmallow Fondant:
Marshmallow base                     100 g
Water                                          15 g
Heating up to 60°C
Add icing sugar                         500 g

Kneading till a smooth paste.
This product is the only suitable for making figures, flowers and other types of decorations.
Rolling fondant exists in many different qualities. Make the correct choice in your situation.

In general Icing is enjoying,

Enjoying is party -> Party is happiness - > Happiness is fleeing free -> Fleeing free is no worries ->

No worries, is spending money.

Spending money is your change.